TEXT Anders Edström Frejman
It can hardly have escaped anyone that the region of Öresund is
growing exponentially. The whole region is in a positive spiral on
many levels. On the Swedish side for example Lund and vicinity is
benefited by the upcoming joint European research facility ESS, in
combination with the all-Swedish facility MAX IV for synchrotron
light research. The City tunnel in Malmö and a generally upgraded
public transport within the frame of Region Skåne has a positive
impact on establishments in general and population growth in
particular.
Hyllie - developed in an unique way
In other wordsit is not surprising that there is a lot of
construction going on in the region. Malmö is for example long
since the object of a long-term city transformation where the
ongoing giant project Västra Hamnen is but one example. Another
example is the district of Hyllie in Malmö, that as late as in
december of 2010 got a completely new-build station, which is a
part of the City tunnel. But the point of interest is not that
there is construction in Hyllie, but rather how the construction is
done. When the city of Malmö plans and has the city district be
developed it does it in a quite unique way.
Becoming th most climate-smart district
The city, E.ON and the municipal authority VA SYD signed in the
beginning of 2011 what is called a climate contract, where they
committed to turning Hyllie into the most climate-smart city
district in the region and that its energy supply, at the latest in
2020, will consist of renewable or recycled energy entirely. But
for that to be conceivable there is a need for constructors also to
be involved in the process. The Housing and Urban Development
Office's environmental strategist Tor Fossum explains that it from
the municipality's side is communicated what vision one has
regarding various parts of the city district and how that fits into
the overall target objective everyone is to work towards.
- For example distribution of various tenure forms of
apartments, where open common areas are to be placed or how sewage
and energy systems are to be designed. Together with the
municipality the constructors of the residential area along Hyllie
Allé (1 700 apartments) have signed a so-called sustainability
agreement. One could say that we from the municipality's side
regulate a little more strictly than it is normally done.
"Right from the start"
One of the reasons for choosing this way of action is to avoid
forcing oneself into a corner and the aim to achieve synergy
effects - including with future technology unknown today.
- We want to get it right from start. We have already learned a
lot from Västra Hamnen in seeing that a lot has happened on the
technological side in the five last years alone. The market has
matured and an increasing amount of smart solutions are now
emerging more in full scale.
Testing smart solutions
Hyllie will also become somewhat of a larger-scale testing
ground for the smart city of the future. Five constructors involved
in Hyllie have for example received SEK 50 million in grants from
the EU for a project called BuildSmart in which climate-smart
solutions for ventilation, cooling and heating are to be tested.
One of the visions in this is for the technology to visualize to
the user how he himself can influence and route the energy
consumption. Henrik Aspegren at the municipal authority VA SYD,
that jointly manages water and sewage issues for a number of
municipalities, explains that one in Hyllie tries to take a
holistic approach on circular flow issues.
- We are speaking of energy balance within the district. It may
sound banal, but it could for example manifest in that waste
grinders are installed in all new-build properties in the district
and that the waste via the local sewage plant is turned into
biogas.
Minimizibg waste and maximizing recycling
It's thus about on one hand minimizing waste volumes and
transportation needs and on the other hand recycling as much as
possible.
- What we are trying to ensure is to look after that the
solutions we produce don't lead to our becoming stuck in a
dependance of waste as an energy issue. Else one easily slips into
a position where combustion of domestic waste becomes the only
solution. Domestic waste already is a commercial good, says Henrik
Aspegren.
Energy solutions for the future
Mattias Örtenvik at E.ON - that supplies long-distance heating
and electricity - is very expectant before the solutions all
concerned will be testing together during the upcoming 10 to 15
years, when the city district with 9 000 residences and as
many office workplaces build up. The background is that the energy
supply of the future will look fundamentally different than today's
and the lines between types of energy may become somewhat
erased.
- We see that the renewable energy's share - not least wind
generation - will increase in the grids. With this follows that the
access of energy will vary over the day and consequently also the
energy price. It's starting to get increasingly interesting to
balance the use of electricity to the momentary access to the same,
says Mattias Örtenvik.
Already today, the Danes use temporary surplus of their wind
generation to heat up long-distance heating water with the help of
electrical heaters. In that way one can draw down on combustion
when this possibility exists.
- One could say that one links together various energy carriers
in a tighter way. Another example is to take advantage of the
thermic inertia of the concrete buildings' foundations to store
surplus heat.
Smart grids sending energy in two
directions
Mattias Örtenvik has been one of the leading lights behind the
project Smart Grids where the energy company together with the City
of Malmö and the Swedish Energy Agency produce intelligent
solutions to route and store energy in the city district, together
with Siemens as supplier of the underlying technology.
- What is unique about Hyllie is that we will build
functionality into the system that makes it possible to optimize a
whole city district from an energy perspective. A bit sloppily
expressed the lines between customer and supplier will to a certain
degree be erased through the energy being routable both ways, ends
Mattias Örtenvik.